Imirasire y'izuba ni inzira isukuye cyane yo kubyara amashanyarazi. Nyamara, mu bihugu byinshi byo mu turere dushyuha hamwe n’izuba ryinshi n’izuba ryinshi ry’amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba, gukoresha ingufu z'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba ntabwo bishimishije. Imirasire y'izuba nuburyo nyamukuru bwamashanyarazi gakondo mubijyanye no kubyara ingufu zizuba. Imirasire y'izuba ubusanzwe igizwe n'izuba cyangwa ibihumbi n'ibihumbi by'izuba kandi bitanga ingufu nyinshi kumazu nubucuruzi bitabarika. Kubwibyo, amashanyarazi yizuba byanze bikunze bisaba umwanya munini. Nyamara, mu bihugu bituwe cyane muri Aziya nko mu Buhinde na Singapuru, ubutaka buboneka mu kubaka amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba ni buke cyane cyangwa buhenze, rimwe na rimwe byombi.
Bumwe mu buryo bwo gukemura iki kibazo ni ukubaka amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba hejuru y'amazi, gushyigikira imashanyarazi ukoresheje igihagararo cy'umubiri ureremba, no guhuza amashanyarazi yose hamwe. Iyi mibiri ireremba ifata imiterere yubusa kandi ikorwa nuburyo bwo kubumba, kandi igiciro ni gito. Tekereza nk'urusenga rw'amazi rukozwe muri plastiki ikomeye. Ahantu heza kuri ubu bwoko bwa sitasiyo y’amashanyarazi ireremba harimo ibiyaga bisanzwe, ibigega byakozwe n'abantu, hamwe na mine yataye hamwe n’ibinogo.
Bika umutungo wubutaka kandi utuze amashanyarazi areremba hejuru y'amazi
Nk’uko bigaragara aho izuba rihurira n’amazi, Raporo y’isoko ry’izuba rireremba ryashyizwe ahagaragara na Banki y’isi mu mwaka wa 2018, hashyizweho ibikoresho bitanga ingufu zituruka ku mirasire y’izuba mu mashanyarazi asanzwe, cyane cyane sitasiyo nini zishobora gukoreshwa mu buryo bworoshye Birasobanutse cyane. Raporo yizera ko gushyiraho imirasire y'izuba bishobora kongera ingufu z'amashanyarazi, kandi icyarimwe ikaba ishobora gucunga neza amashanyarazi mu gihe cyizuba, bigatuma ikoreshwa neza. Raporo yerekanye: "Mu turere dufite amashanyarazi ataratera imbere, nka Afurika yo munsi y'Ubutayu bwa Sahara ndetse n'ibihugu bimwe na bimwe bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere ya Aziya, amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba ashobora kugira akamaro gakomeye."
Kureremba amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba ntibikoresha gusa umwanya udafite akazi, ariko birashobora no gukora neza kuruta amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba ashingiye ku butaka kuko amazi ashobora gukonjesha imashanyarazi, bityo bikongerera ingufu amashanyarazi. Icya kabiri, paneli yifotora ifasha kugabanya guhumeka kwamazi, biba inyungu nini mugihe amazi akoreshwa mubindi bikorwa. Mugihe umutungo wamazi uzaba uwagaciro, iyi nyungu izagenda igaragara. Byongeye kandi, amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba ashobora kandi kuzamura ubwiza bw’amazi mu gutinda gukura kwa algae.
Gukura gukoreshwa kumashanyarazi areremba kwisi
Kureremba amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba ubu ni impamo. Mubyukuri, sitasiyo ya mbere y’amashanyarazi ireremba mu rwego rwo kugerageza yubatswe mu Buyapani mu 2007, naho sitasiyo ya mbere y’ubucuruzi yashyizwe ku kigega cyo muri Californiya mu 2008, gifite ingufu za kilowati 175. Kugeza ubu, umuvuduko wo kubaka floatiIngomero z'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba zirihuta: sitasiyo ya mbere ya megawatt 10 ya mbere yashyizweho neza mu mwaka wa 2016. Kugeza mu mwaka wa 2018, ingufu zose zashyizweho na sisitemu y’amashanyarazi areremba ku isi yari MW 1314, ugereranije na MW 11 gusa mu myaka irindwi ishize.
Dukurikije imibare yaturutse muri Banki y'Isi, ku isi hari kilometero zirenga 400.000 z’ibigega byakozwe n'abantu, bivuze ko ukurikije gusa ahantu hashobora kuboneka, amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba areremba mu buryo bw'igitekerezo afite ubushobozi bwo gushyiraho urwego rwa terawatt. Raporo yagaragaje iti: "Hashingiwe ku kubara umutungo uhari w’amazi ukorwa n'abantu, byagereranijwe ku buryo budasubirwaho ko ingufu zashyizweho n’amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba ku isi zishobora kurenga 400 GW, ibyo bikaba bihwanye n’ubushobozi bw’amashanyarazi bwashyizweho ku isi mu 2017 . " Gukurikira amashanyarazi ku nkombe hamwe na sisitemu yo gufotora (BIPV) Nyuma yibyo, amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba abaye uburyo bwa gatatu bunini bwo gutanga amashanyarazi.
Impamyabumenyi ya polyethylene na polypropilene yumubiri ureremba ihagarara kumazi kandi ibivanze bishingiye kuri ibyo bikoresho birashobora kwemeza ko umubiri ureremba hejuru y'amazi ushobora gushyigikira byimazeyo imirasire y'izuba mugihe cyo kuyikoresha igihe kirekire. Ibi bikoresho bifite imbaraga zo kurwanya iyangirika ryatewe nimirasire ya ultraviolet, nta gushidikanya ko ari ingenzi cyane kuriyi porogaramu. Mu kizamini cyihuse cyo gusaza ukurikije amahame mpuzamahanga, kurwanya kwangiza ibidukikije (ESCR) birenga amasaha 3000, bivuze ko mubuzima busanzwe, bashobora gukomeza gukora imyaka irenga 25. Byongeye kandi, kurwanya ibiyikurura byibi bikoresho nabyo ni hejuru cyane, byemeza ko ibice bitazarambura munsi yumuvuduko ukabije, bityo bikagumya gukomera kumiterere yumubiri ureremba.SABIC yateje imbere byumwihariko polyethylene yo mu rwego rwo hejuru SABIC B5308 kubireremba. ya sisitemu ya Photovoltaque yamazi, ishobora kuzuza ibisabwa byose mubikorwa mugutunganya no gukoresha. Iki gicuruzwa cyo mu rwego rwo hejuru cyamenyekanye ninganda nyinshi zumwuga wamafoto yamashanyarazi. HDPE B5308 nuburyo bwinshi bwo gukwirakwiza uburemere bwa polymer ibikoresho byo gutunganya hamwe nibikorwa biranga. Ifite ESCR nziza cyane (ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije), imiterere yubukanishi, kandi irashobora kugera hagati yubukomere no gukomera Impirimbanyi nziza (ibi ntibyoroshye kubigeraho muri plastiki), hamwe nigihe kirekire cyumurimo, byoroshye guhita bitunganyirizwa. Mugihe umuvuduko wumusaruro wingufu zisukuye wiyongera, SABIC iteganya ko umuvuduko wo kwishyiriraho amashanyarazi areremba hejuru y’amashanyarazi bizagenda byihuta. Kugeza ubu, SABIC yatangije imishinga y’amashanyarazi areremba hejuru y’amashanyarazi mu Buyapani no mu Bushinwa. SABIC yizera ko ibisubizo byayo bya polymer bizahinduka Urufunguzo rwo kurushaho kurekura ubushobozi bwikoranabuhanga rya FPV.
Imashini ya Jwell Imirasire y'izuba hamwe na Bracket umushinga wo gukemura
Kugeza ubu, imirasire y'izuba yashizwemo muri rusange ikoresha umubiri nyamukuru ureremba hamwe n'umubiri ufasha kureremba hejuru, ubunini bwacyo bukaba buva kuri litiro 50 kugeza kuri litiro 300, kandi iyi mibiri ireremba ikorwa n'ibikoresho binini byo kubumba.
JWZ-BM160 / 230 Imashini Yabigenewe
Ifata uburyo bwihariye bwo gukora cyane bwo kuvoma ibintu, uburyo bwo kubika, ibikoresho bizigama ingufu za servo hamwe na sisitemu yo kugenzura ibicuruzwa bya PLC bitumizwa mu mahanga, kandi icyitegererezo kidasanzwe gishyirwaho hakurikijwe imiterere y'ibicuruzwa kugira ngo umusaruro ukorwe neza kandi uhamye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-02-2022